pettis



March 22 1927' c D. PETTIS CASTING MOLD Filed April 25. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet l 39 d flaw/WM. g w 01.

v 1,622,047 March 22 1927' c. D. PETTIS CASTING MOLD Filed April 23, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 lzimmtor: emf/imp. Z4 w March 22 1927' c. D. PETTIS CASTING MOLD Filed April as. 1923 4 Sheets-Shoat 5 114 IIIIII the dam ($146 March 22; 1927' c z. n. PETTIS CASTING MOLD Filed April 2 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Pat nted Mar; 22 1927.;

UNITED STATES PATE T OFFICE.

CLIFTON 1 runs. or NEW YORK, N. Y.

' CASTING mom).

Application filed April 23,

which chill blocks may be quickly and easily inserted for each casting operation of the mold and removed in the same manner at the completion of suchoperation. to facilitate the pouring of the molten metal into the mold, to provide an'improved form of chill construction, to facilitate the witlulrawal I of the casting from the mold. aud in general to provide a simplified and improved mold construction.

The many other objects and advantages of my invention will he better understood by reference to the following specification when considered in connection with the ac-' companying drawings. in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the mold coinplete; with the parts in closed position.

Fig. 2 is the same as Fig. 1. plan view. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 33 of Fig. 2.

the cope removed.

Fig. 5 is the same as Fig. 1. end elevation. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical. section on the line ti tl'of Fig. Figs. 7 to inclusive. are detail views of the chill blocks. i 3

Fig. 16 is a detail view illustratimi one method of attaching the upper chill blocks 45 and a reinforcing back plate to the cope. and

Fig. 17 is a bottom plan view of a reinforcing back plate for railway brake shoes. Referring to the drawings. the casting mold is mounted upon a suitable base A of cast metal and comprises a plurality of separablev sections or mcmhersforming a flask 'or holder, each member carrying a corresponding part of the molding receptac e. To-this end, the base-A is provided with upstanding lugs 20 substantially centrally located, through which. lugs-- passes a. pivot This invention relates to molds for east tilation.

rovide a mold of. thetype described in Fig. 4 is a plan. view of the mold with 1923. Serial No. 633,822.

rod 21 this rod passing also through ln s '22 depending from the bottom ofthe si emembers B, B- of the mold." A cope C is adapted to rest on the side members B, B when these members are in closed position.

'In the present embodiment of my invention, each of the members B and'C includes a hollow metal casting forming a flask section, the outer .walls thereof being pref-.

erably perforated as at. 25 to provide ven- Chambers as 26 in the members B and C permit free circulation of air about the molding receptacle. to be presently described. I

The walls of the molding receptacle are formed in sections, each composed of a plurality of blocks. Aethe portions of the receptacle where it is desiredto chill the casting, these blocks are preierahlv of metal.

The remaining blocks are pro-terribly formed of some highly refractory in ial suehas carb'orunduln that may he rt 'ii dily molded into the desired form. The blocksare as- I sembled in the several sections or members composing the flask or holder. Thus the side sectionsot the molding receptacle are shown as comprising blocks D which in the present embodiment are all of refractory material as no chilling-action is required at. this portion of the receptacle. .iRibs, as 30, on the bottom walls 31 of the side members .of the flask fit within corresponding grooves inthe blocks and properly position these blocks. These ribs preferably run longitudinally of the member and transversely of the block resting the'reoiu After the blocks have been placed in position in thejmembers. preferably. with sufficient spacing to permit the expansion of the blocks and venting of the gases but insufiicient to permit the moi-- ten metal to flow into the intervening spaces.

they are "frictionally locked in such position by key or guard plates as at 32. The key plates are secured to the'side members by screws 33. or other suitable means. An upstanding flange or plate. as at 34. may be rovided along the inner edge of the bottom wall 31 of each side member to contact with the corresponding flange on the opposite side member when these members are in closed position (Fig. 6). These flanges are preferably slotted. as at 35, as are the metal walls of the flask proper; to permit the expansion of the metal without danger of breakage'or distortion during the casting operation. The pivot rod 21is preferably lorated-with its axis substantially in'the plane of the inner contacting faces of the'side members of themold for the purposeto be presently described.

A pairof spaced upstanding lugs 36 is provided on the base plate on each side of, the mold and these form the supports for pivot rods 37. Oneach of these rods is revolubly mounted a sleeve 38 provided with a pair of eccentrically mounted rollers or cams, as 39, formed integral therewith or attached thereto. An operating lever 40 is likewise formed on or connected to the sleeve as indlcated. Each of the rollers or cams 39 sets between a pair of outwardlypro- .jecting lugs, as 41, on the outer wall of the side members B, B of the mold. When the levers 40 are manually raised, the rollers or cams on their respective sleeves act against the upper lugs 41 and cause the side members to swing inwardly to closed position. Similarly when the levers are depressed, the rollers or cams act upon the lower lugs 41 and 'cause -the side members to swing 0ut wardly. 'This'construction is very advantageous as it provides a smooth and positive opening and closing of the mold. Also the conformation of the rollers or cams causes the side members to be rigidlyv clamped in closed position when the levers are fully raised. The lugs 22 on the .side members of the mold are each preferably provided 7 with' a stop shoulder, as at 45, acting against the face of the base -A to prevent either member swinging beyond the center in the closing movement. v

This cam actuating means for the mold members is disclosed and claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 19,811, filed April 1. 1925.

A chill block holder E is provided at each end of the mold. This holder in the present embodiment is open at the ends and at the I top and it is centrally divided, as at 50, onehalf of each holder being formed on or attached to the flask section of each side memberB. As these holders are alike in form, only one will be described in detail. The

holder E is provided at its outer end with ribsor flanges, as at 51, projecting inwardly from each of its side walls. When the side members B are movedto closed position, preparatory ,to a casting operation, chill blocks F are dropped into theseholders.

The ribs 51. on the holder fit within corresponding grooves 52 in the chill blocks. The

chill block F is shown in detail in Figs.

7 to 9 inclusive, Fig. 7 being a top plan view,

-Fig. 8 a side elevation, and Fig. 9 an end elevation. Each of these blocks is' providedwith a cavity 53 forming one end portion of the casting chamber, the side and bottom walls of the cavity be ng a prolongation of the casting chamber walls in the blocks D of the side members. The front face of the chill block F is preferably beveled, as at 54 (Fig."7)', to facilitate withdrawalzof the members B. The side walls of the holder and the ribs 51 thereon project above the block F'( Fig. 3) for the purpose which will be presently described. The members. B witihi1 blocks F attached form the drag of the mo The cope 0 comprises a chambered flask rovidedwith handles 61 at its section ends. Wit in this flask section are placed blocks H preferably 'of refractory material. These blocks rest upon the base wall'62 of the flask (Fig. 6) and are preferably cut away, as at 63,'to fit the corners formed by the base wall of the flask and the depending flanges 64. These blocks are held in place by a key or guard'plate 65 secured to the flask section by screws 66 or other-suitable means, Thisplate 65 is provided with depending ribs or flanges 67 which press against the upper face of the blocks. 1 The center blocks are provided with a cavity'fiS to form the usual center lug on the brake shoe, also cavity 68 to hold the core 68' necessary to-provide the opening in the center lug of the brake shoe. The cope section of at each end wit-ha cavity or. chamber 69 to receivethe upper chill blocks K, K and 'M, M. The blocks K are alike in form except that the arrangement is reversed. One

ofthese blocks is shown in detail in Figs. 10 to 12, Fig. 10' being a side elcvatlon, Fig.

11 an end elevation, and Fig. 12 a bottom plan view. 'The blocks M are also alike except that the arrangement is reversed. the of these blocks isjshown in detail in Figs.

13 to 15, Fig. 13 being a side elevation, Fig. 14 an end elevation, and Fig; 15 a bottom plan view. The blocks K, K are placed together and inserted at the end of thecope flask before the cope is placed upon the side members. Each-of these blocks is provided with a small groove, as 70, on its inner face the flask is provided and these grooves register when the blocks ing. the blocks K and M' are first inserted 1 in the cope, with the wires in place, the plate is next placed against theunder face of the blocks with theextremities of the wires'pro-- jecting through the usual openings 76, and then the ends of the wires are bent 'outwardly or transversely against the under face .of the plate to form asupporting head medium of'th'ev 'as 72', as indicated in dot in F1 16. The spread loops or upper heads the; wires 71 and 73 are each preferably bent inwardly against the top of the flask and thus form supporting means for these blocks before the cope is placed upon the side members of the flask. The shoulders 77' and 78 on the blocks 'K and M respectively act against corresponding shoulders onthe cope flask to prevent. these. blocks being forced upwardly during the casting operation. In the present embodiment, the unit supported by the wires 71 and.73 and to be embedded in the casting. comprises the reinforcing back 75, the core 68 and the center lug T.

The blocks K in addition to chilling a portion of the casting and holding the wire which attaches one end of the reinforcing back plate to the cope. form one of the end lugs on the brake shoe casting and provide. the pouring gate. The molteii i'netal enters the mold through the passage formed in these blocks. one half being in each block. The end lug of the brake shoe is formed in the cavity 86. i

The blocks M are mounted in the cope in the same manner as the blocks K and perform all the. fiinctioiis of these blocks except that of providing a pouring gate.- One end lug of the brake shoe is formed in the cavity 87. The blocks K and M are respectively provided with corner grooves 85 and "S9 to admit and tit the portions of. the ribs 51 on the holders l] on the side members 15. ll projecting above the blocks F when the cope is placed upon these members. 'lhe chill'bloelts K. and Mliave tapering walls and .H respectively which contact with similar tapering walls of the. cope cavities or recesses 69 to hold the chill blocks together and further prevent the chill blocks being forced upwardly during the pouring operation.

The mold is prepared for the casting operation as follows 'l'lie side members B are lliUYtdlt) closed position by raising the levers 40. 'lhecliill blocks 1* are next: dropped into the holders E. The cope t.- wiih the chill Ililoeks l\' and M in place and supported by ihe wires 71 and 7 is now lowered upon the side members It. B; The lower portions of the blocks K and ill enter the liUltltTlS-lfl in these anembers. the portions of the ribs 51 above the blocks l entering the cori'espoiiding grooves 88 and R9 in the blocks K and M respec tively. These holders not only-tirmly hold the chill blocks but rigidly cope. The base of each of the bloclts l\' and-M rests on the lower chill blo k l and the refractory block next thereto on the same side of the mold as the chill block (Fig. 2"). The cope. in addition to being heldjn place by the-holders l) through the bloelts K and M. is further positioned by the depending flanges tit which .M remaining with the casting.

.ion the casting may position the r fit the inside edges of the key or guard plates 32 '(Fig. 6). Previous to the placing of the cope upon core for the hole in the center lug ,is placed in the cavity (38. The molten nietal'is now poured into the molding receptacle. lVhen the casting has sutliciently cooled." the cope is lifted, the chill blocks K and i The side members B are next moved to open position by means of the lovers 40. the chill blocks FKK and M can now lifted from the mold. are-thenremoved from the holders E. Cold chill blocks are, now substituted "for the corresponding bloclts just. removed and the mold is immediately ready to be againzelosed to receive a new pouring. By constructing tlic'poui'ing gate in the chill blocks, the walls of the passage through The chill blocks F- the side members, the usual The casting with which the molten metal enters the mold are always cold. This is very advantageous as the metal does not stick to coldwalls. It should be noted that in the selected embodiment of my invention the molten metal on entering the casting chamber first strikes againstrefractory blocks and then flows against the chills. The particular design of mold which I have illustrated is intended to chill the end portions and end lugs of the casting, but it will be obvious that any area be chilled in a Similar manner. By mounting the blocks F, K and M in the side members and cope, no regular end members of the mold are required.

One of the, most; important features of my liiii invention'is the simplicity with which'th chill blocks may be incorporated in' and re moved from the mold. If the chillblocks are so located in a mold that they cannot be convenientlyremoved, it is necessary to allow the entire mold to become cold before it may-be again used in a casting operation. This necessarily involves loss of time and requires the use of a large number of molds to provide an output 'cqual to that of a sin gle mold of my improved type.

I am aware that. many changes may be made in l'llC'fOl'llt and arrangement of parts of my easting'inold without departing from 'the spirit of my invention and I consider myself entitlcdto make all such as fairly tall within the scope of the'following claims.

I claim as my invention:

1.' A casting mold comprising separable.

metal tlaslc sections, each carrying a plurality of blocks of refractory material, and one or more chill blocks carried by certain of said sections and co-acting with said refractory blocks to form a molding receptacle, said vchill block being readil from the sections when said sections arqjn open position and rigidly held thereby when said sections are in closed position;

:2. A casting mold comprising a base, relallll \v" dictachable tively movable side sections mounted on said base, a cope section adapted to rest on said "side;.scctions, refractory blocks carried by each j'of said sections, and chill blocks adaptc'd toibe mounted on said sections independentlyof said refractory blocks and to form with said refractory blocks a molding receptacle when said sections are in closed position.

' Y 3. In a casting mold, a cope com rising a metal flask section, amultipart'mo din-g receptacle mqunted'in said flask section, and a pouring gate mounted in said flask section and composed of blocks arranged contiguously with a channel formed between said blocks to permit the passage of molten metal through the cope, I

4. In a casting mold, a cope comprising a frame, a plurality of blocks of refractory material mounted in said frame to form'a molding receptacle section, and chill blocks supported by said frame, certain of said chill.

blocks forming the pouring passage of the mold. r

5. Ina casting mold, a co com rising a metal flask member, a plura ity of locks of refractory material attached to said frame and forming a molding receptacle section, and chill blocksadapted to be attached to said member independently of the attaching means of said refractory blocks and forming the pourmg passage bf the mold;

6. In a casting mold, a sectional molding receptacle provided with a pouring gate,

comprising permanent blocks seated in the wall ofone of. the sections and having a chimn el formed between'them for the-admissi'on of-molten metal to the casting chamber,- said blocks having means adapted to re main. with the casting when said wall is withdrawn therefrom.

7. Ina casting mold, a sectional molding receptacle provided with a pouring gate comprising a pair of permanent blocks seat ed in the wall of one of the sections and having a channel formed in the opposing walls of the blocks to-admit the molten metal to tacle and having-a channel formed by theconformation of their opposing faces for the admission of molten metal to the casting chamber, said blocks bein adapted 'to remain. with the casting w en said wall is: moved away therefrom by the opening of a the molding receptacle.

9. In a casting mold, a molding receptacle having its walls formed substantially of a section of refractory materiallurality of blocks, certain of said blocks cing' of metal and the remaining blocks being of refractory material, and a pouringgate formed by a pair of said metal'blocks arranged contiguously, one of said refractory blocks being disposed opposite the channel in said pouring gate toreceive the impact of the molten metal entering said receptacle.

10. In a casting mold, a cope comprising a metal flask member, a set of-blocks of refractory material mounted in the central portion of said member to form aport-ion of a molding receptacle, 'chi'll blocks sup ported in the end portions of said cope, and means carried by said chill blocks for attaching a reinforcing metal plate upon the molding face of said cope.

11. In a casting mold, a cope comprising a metal flask member, a set of blocks of refractory material mounted in the central portion of said member to form a portion of a molding receptacle, chill blocks supported in the end portions of said cope,and means carried by said chill blocks for attaching a reinforcing metal plate upon the molding face of said cope, certain of said chill blocks forming a pouring gate for the mold.

12. In a casting mold, a cope'comprising a metal flask member, a setof blocks of refractory material mounted'in the central portion of said member-to form a portion of a molding receptacle, ,a pair of chill blocks fitting in a cavity in each end portion of said member, and a wire passing between the chill blocks of each pair and adapted to have its upper end bent to over lie a portion of said flask member to cause said chill blocks to be supported by said member.

13. A casting mold comprising abase, relativelymovable side members mounted on said base, a cope member adapted to rest on said side members, moldingreceptacle sections carried by each of said members, holders mounted on said side members, and chill blocks adapted to be placed in said holders and to form with said sections a molding receptacle when said members are in closed position.

14. The combination with a permanent mold for making castings, comprising a a drag and a sectional cope having amold cavity therein, of a member for suspending a unit in the mold cavity having on each end a transversely extending head, the sections of said cope being relatively movable to receive said member.

15. A permanent mold for making cast ings, comprising a drag and a cope having a mold cavity therein and being relatively movable to permit the insertion of a unit 'into said cavity, the cope being provided with open sided grooves extending therethrough and communicating with the mold cavity, and wires extending through said a mold cavity therein, said cope including two members having grooves formed partly in one member and partly in the other mem her and extending through the cope and communicatin with. the mold cavity, and means extending through said grooves and engaged with a unit and the to copeto suspend the unit in the mo d cavity. 17. A permanent mold for makin cast ings, comprising a drag and a cope ving a mold cavityth'erein, said co e including two members, and meansexten in throng said cope between said members and engaged with a unit andthe to of the cope to suspend the unit in the mo (1 cavity. 18. A permanent mold for making ings, comprising a drag and a cope aving a mold cavity therein, said cope including two, sections, and a member extending through said cope between said sections to suspend a unit in the mold cavity, said mem-- her having a lower head ,to engage the unit and an upper head to engage the cope.

19. A permanent mold for making eastings, comprising a drag and cope having a mold cavity therein, the cope being adapted to be opened "to permit the insertion of a unit therein and also being provided with open sided grooves extending therethrongh 35 and communicating-with the mold cavity,

of. the

castand wires extending through said ooves and having elongated heads adapte to be arranged transversely of the unit to engasaid unit and the cope for suspending t e unit in the mold cavity.

20. The combination with a permanent mold for making castings, comprising a drag and a copeha'ving a mold cavity there in, said cope havin at least one o n sided groove extending t erethrou h an communicating with the cavit an means cooperating with said groove or'suspending a unit vin the mold cavity.

.21. The combination with a permanent mold for making castings, comprising a drag and a co having a mold cavity therein, said cope aving at least one open sided groove extending therethrough and communicating with the cavity, an means cooperating with said groove for suspending a unit in the mold cavity, said means havin a transversely extending head on each en thereof.

22.'Th.e combination with a permanent mold for making castings, comprising a drag and a cope having a mold cavlty therein, of a plurality of separable portions con stituting said cope and having open sided grooves formed therein adapted to register when the portions are inplace, and means cooperating with said grooves for suspending a unit in position within the mold cavity.

CLIFTON D. PETTIS. 

